mfundo zamalonda

Makasitomala ambiri amakhala ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi malonda akamayamba bizinesi yawoyawo, kotero apa tikuwonetsa chiwongolero chathu chokwanira ku Incoterms, chopangidwa kuti chithandizire ogula ndi ogulitsa omwe amagulitsa padziko lonse lapansi. Kumvetsetsa zovuta za malonda a mayiko kungakhale kovuta, koma ndi kufotokozera kwathu mwatsatanetsatane mawu ofunikira, mukhoza kuyendetsa zovutazi molimba mtima.

Wotsogolera wathu amayang'ana mawu oyambira amalonda omwe amatanthauzira udindo wa onse awiri pazochita zapadziko lonse lapansi. Mmodzi mwa mawu ofunikira kwambiri ndi FOB (Free on Board), yomwe imanena kuti wogulitsa ali ndi udindo pa ndalama zonse ndi zoopsa zomwe katunduyo asanalowe m'sitimayo. Katunduyo akamakwezedwa m'sitimayo, udindowo umapita kwa wogula, yemwe amakhala ndi zovuta zonse ndi ndalama zoyendera.

Nthawi ina yofunika ndi CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight). Pansi pa CIF, wogulitsa amakhala ndi udindo wolipira mtengo, inshuwaransi ndi kunyamula katundu kupita kudoko komwe akupita. Mawuwa amapatsa ogula mtendere wamumtima, podziwa kuti katundu wawo ali ndi inshuwaransi panthawi yamayendedwe, komanso amamveketsanso udindo wa wogulitsa.

Pomaliza, tikufufuza DDP (Delivered Duty Paid), mawu omwe amaika udindo waukulu kwambiri kwa wogulitsa. Mu DDP, wogulitsa ali ndi udindo pa ndalama zonse, kuphatikizapo katundu, inshuwalansi ndi ntchito, mpaka katunduyo atafika pamalo omwe wogulayo wasankha. Mawuwa amathandizira njira zogulira ogula chifukwa amatha kusangalala ndi kutumizirana zinthu popanda zovuta.

Wotsogolera wathu samangofotokozera mawu awa, komanso amapereka zitsanzo zothandiza ndi zochitika kuti mumvetsetse bwino. Kaya ndinu wamalonda wodziwa zambiri kapena watsopano ku malonda apadziko lonse, chuma chathu ndi chida chamtengo wapatali chowonetsetsa kuti ntchito zikuyenda bwino. Ndikukhulupirira kuti mutha kupeza zidziwitso zatsopano ndi chidziwitso kudzera mu izi.